Free Engineering Tools
Instrumentation Calculators
Practical calculators for instrumentation, control and electrical engineers. Each tool is based on the relevant standard and shows the formula, a worked example and the steps behind every answer.
12categories
288live tools
76unit converters
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Calculator Categories
Temperature Measurement
Thermocouples, RTDs, thermistors, heat transfer, humidity and sensor response.
26 liveInstrumentation Signal
Analog signal scaling, square root extraction and loop design.
13 livePLC Digital Signal
Raw count scaling, ADC resolution and number formats for PLC work.
12 liveFlow Measurement
DP meters, open channel flow, gas conversions, pressure drop and meter sizing.
50 liveLevel Measurement
DP, radar, ultrasonic and displacer level, plus tank volume for every shape.
24 livePressure Measurement
Gauges, transmitters, remote seals, piping design, water hammer and compressed air.
24 liveControl Valve
Cv sizing, authority, cavitation, actuator thrust, leakage and split range.
17 liveCalibration
Calibration error, uncertainty, hysteresis, linearity, guard bands and TUR.
16 liveSafety and SIL
Functional safety, reliability and hazardous area calculations.
16 liveAnalytical
pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, humidity and solution chemistry.
18 liveElectrical
Power, cables and protection, motors, transformers, circuits, backup power, lighting and earthing.
37 liveElectronics
Components, circuits, op amps, 555 timers, power supplies, PCB design and digital conversions.
35 liveUnit Converters
76 converters for pressure, flow, temperature, electrical and more.
76 liveAdvertisement
All 288 Calculators
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Temperature Measurement26
Temperature MeasurementThermocouple CalculatormV to °C with cold junction compensationTemperature MeasurementThermocouple Reference TablesTypes K, J, T, E, N, R, S, BTemperature MeasurementRTD Calculator (Pt100, Pt1000)Ohms to °C, tolerance class, lead errorTemperature MeasurementPt100 and Pt1000 Resistance TablesIEC 60751, −200 to 850 °CTemperature MeasurementNTC Thermistor CalculatorBeta and Steinhart–Hart modelsTemperature MeasurementTemperature Transmitter mA Calculator°C to mA, mA to °CTemperature MeasurementHeating Power CalculatorHeater sizing, Heat up timeTemperature MeasurementCooling Water Flow CalculatorHeat load, Water flowTemperature MeasurementLinear Thermal Expansion CalculatorΔL = α L ΔT, Steel and stainlessTemperature MeasurementDew Point CalculatorMagnus formula, Relative humidityTemperature MeasurementWinding Temperature Rise CalculatorResistance method, Copper and aluminiumTemperature MeasurementTemperature Sensor Response Time CalculatorTime constant τ, T63 and T90Temperature MeasurementPyrometer Emissivity Correction CalculatorEmissivity, Infrared thermometerTemperature MeasurementLMTD Heat Exchanger CalculatorCounter flow, Parallel flowTemperature MeasurementRTD Self Heating Error CalculatorPt100 and Pt1000, Excitation currentTemperature MeasurementRTD and Thermocouple Tolerance Class CalculatorIEC 60751, IEC 60584-1Temperature MeasurementInsulated Pipe Heat Loss CalculatorHeat loss W/m, Insulation thicknessTemperature MeasurementRadiation Heat Loss Calculator (Stefan Boltzmann)Stefan Boltzmann, EmissivityTemperature MeasurementCooling Time Calculator (Newton’s Law of Cooling)Newton cooling, Time constantTemperature MeasurementMixing Temperature CalculatorEnergy balance, Two streamsTemperature MeasurementHeat Exchanger Effectiveness NTU Calculatorε NTU method, CounterflowTemperature MeasurementWet and Dry Bulb Relative Humidity CalculatorPsychrometer, Relative humidityTemperature MeasurementTank Heating Time CalculatorHeat up time, Heater powerTemperature MeasurementWall Heat Conduction Calculator (Multi Layer)Fourier law, U valueTemperature MeasurementPipe Insulation Thickness CalculatorPersonnel protection, Heat loss limitTemperature MeasurementWater Density vs Temperature CalculatorKell equation, 0 to 150 °C
Instrumentation Signal13
Instrumentation SignalSquare Root Extraction CalculatorDP to flow, Flow to DPInstrumentation SignalLoop Resistance and Power Supply CalculatorTwo wire loops, Maximum loadInstrumentation SignalLoad Cell mV/V CalculatormV/V rated output, Excitation voltageInstrumentation SignalAnalog Signal Converter Calculator (Any Range to Any Range)0 to 10 V, 4 to 20 mAInstrumentation SignalStrain Gauge and Wheatstone Bridge CalculatorGauge factor, µεInstrumentation SignalRTD Lead Wire Resistance Error Calculator2 wire error, 3 wireInstrumentation Signal4 to 20 mA to Voltage Resistor CalculatorShunt resistor, 1 to 5 VInstrumentation SignalNAMUR NE43 4 to 20 mA Signal CheckerNAMUR NE43, Failure currentInstrumentation SignalNAMUR Proximity Sensor Current CalculatorIEC 60947-5-6, Proximity sensorInstrumentation SignalInstrument Cable Loop Resistance CalculatorLoop resistance, mm² and AWGInstrumentation SignalFlowmeter Pulse Output Scaling CalculatorPulse value, Pulse frequencyInstrumentation SignalPotentiometer Position Sensor Loading Error CalculatorPotentiometer, Loading errorInstrumentation SignalLVDT Output CalculatorLVDT, Sensitivity mV/V/mm
PLC Digital Signal12
PLC Digital SignalPLC Analog Scaling CalculatorRaw to engineering, Engineering to rawPLC Digital SignalADC Resolution Calculator8 to 24 bit, LSB sizePLC Digital SignalEncoder Pulse to RPM and Speed CalculatorHz to RPM, PPRPLC Digital SignalPLC Timer Preset CalculatorTON and TOF, Time basePLC Digital SignalPLC Status Word and Bit DecoderBit by bit, Hex and binaryPLC Digital SignalTime Proportioning Output CalculatorPID to digital output, Cycle timePLC Digital SignalPLC Scan and Response Time CalculatorScan time, Input filterPLC Digital SignalPLC Analog Input Digital Filter CalculatorFirst order filter, Filter factor αPLC Digital SignalBCD to Decimal Converter for PLCsPacked BCD, Thumbwheel switchesPLC Digital SignalGray Code Converter for Absolute EncodersGray code, Absolute encoderPLC Digital SignalPLC I/O Count and Module CalculatorI/O list, Spare capacityPLC Digital SignalPLC Setpoint Ramp Rate CalculatorSetpoint ramp, Increment per scan
Flow Measurement50
Flow MeasurementOrifice Plate Flow Calculator (ISO 5167)ISO 5167-2, Liquid and gasFlow MeasurementPipe Flow Velocity CalculatorNPS Sch 40 and 80, Flow to velocityFlow MeasurementReynolds Number CalculatorLaminar or turbulent, Velocity or flowFlow MeasurementFlow Meter K Factor CalculatorFrequency to rate, Pulses to totalFlow MeasurementOrifice Plate Bore Sizing CalculatorISO 5167-2, Bore and β ratioFlow MeasurementVenturi Tube Flow CalculatorISO 5167-4, Liquid and gasFlow MeasurementPitot Tube Velocity CalculatorDynamic pressure, VelocityFlow MeasurementWeir Flow CalculatorV notch, RectangularFlow MeasurementParshall Flume Flow CalculatorParshall flume, Free flowFlow MeasurementManning Equation Open Channel CalculatorManning n, Rectangular channelFlow MeasurementStandard to Actual Gas Flow CalculatorNm³/h, Sm³/hFlow MeasurementGas Density Calculatorρ = PM/ZRT, Molecular weightFlow MeasurementMass Flow to Volume Flow Calculatorkg/h to m³/h, m³/h to kg/hFlow MeasurementPipe Pressure Drop CalculatorDarcy Weisbach, Friction factorFlow MeasurementFlow Meter Turndown Ratio CalculatorTurndown ratio, DP metersFlow MeasurementMagnetic Flow Meter Sizing CalculatorDN 10 to DN 600, Velocity checkFlow MeasurementFlow Meter Straight Pipe Run CalculatorUpstream D, Downstream DFlow MeasurementFlow Totalizer and Fill Time CalculatorTotal volume, Fill timeFlow MeasurementFlow Nozzle Flow CalculatorISO 5167-3, ISA 1932Flow MeasurementVortex Flow Meter CalculatorStrouhal number, K factorFlow MeasurementUltrasonic Transit Time Flow CalculatorTransit time, Clamp onFlow MeasurementRotameter Correction CalculatorVariable area, Liquid densityFlow MeasurementDP Flow Transmitter Rerange CalculatorSquare root law, Orifice and venturiFlow MeasurementGas Flow Pressure and Temperature CompensationDP meters, Pressure correctionFlow MeasurementPipe Sizing Calculator (Flow and Velocity)Flow to diameter, NPS Sch 40 and 80Flow MeasurementDarcy Friction Factor Calculator (Colebrook)Colebrook White, Swamee JainFlow MeasurementOrifice Permanent Pressure Loss CalculatorISO 5167-2, Permanent pressure lossFlow MeasurementTank Drain Time CalculatorTorricelli, Gravity drainFlow MeasurementPump Power CalculatorHydraulic power, Shaft powerFlow MeasurementFlow Meter Accuracy Calculator% of rate, % of full scaleFlow MeasurementRestriction Orifice Sizing CalculatorRestriction orifice, Choked gas flowFlow MeasurementGas Flow to Energy CalculatorCalorific value, kW and MMBtu/hFlow MeasurementTank Level Rate to Flow CalculatorLevel change, Net flowFlow MeasurementFlowmeter Bucket and Stopwatch Test CalculatorBucket test, Meter errorFlow MeasurementFlow Meter Factor and K Factor Correction CalculatorMeter factor, ProverFlow MeasurementPump Affinity Laws CalculatorAffinity laws, VFD speedFlow MeasurementNPSH Available CalculatorNPSHa, NPSHr marginFlow MeasurementCone (V Cone) Flow Meter CalculatorISO 5167-5, Cone meterFlow MeasurementAveraging Pitot Tube (Annubar Type) Flow CalculatorAveraging pitot, Flow coefficient KFlow MeasurementLaminar Flow Element and Capillary Flow CalculatorHagen Poiseuille, CapillaryFlow MeasurementRectangular Duct Flow and Hydraulic Diameter CalculatorHydraulic diameter, Equivalent diameterFlow MeasurementPitot Traverse Points and Average Velocity CalculatorLog Tchebycheff, Traverse pointsFlow MeasurementPartially Full Pipe Flow Calculator (Manning)Manning equation, Gravity sewerFlow MeasurementDP Flow Measurement Uncertainty Calculator (ISO 5167)ISO 5167-1, Uncertainty budgetFlow MeasurementGas Pipeline Pressure Drop Calculator (Isothermal)Compressible flow, IsothermalFlow MeasurementHazen Williams Water Pipe Head Loss CalculatorHazen Williams, C factorFlow MeasurementErosional Velocity Calculator (API RP 14E)API RP 14E, ErosionFlow MeasurementPipe Flow Capacity from Pressure Drop CalculatorDarcy Weisbach, Allowable ΔPFlow MeasurementGas Velocity and Mach Number CalculatorActual velocity, Mach numberFlow MeasurementChemical Dosing Pump CalculatorDose rate, ppm (mg/L)
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Level Measurement24
Level MeasurementDP Level Transmitter Range CalculatorLRV and URV, Dry leg and wet legLevel MeasurementInterface Level CalculatorOil and water, Remote sealsLevel MeasurementBubbler Level CalculatorDip tube systems, Back pressureLevel MeasurementTank Volume CalculatorVertical cylinder, Horizontal cylinderLevel MeasurementHydrostatic Pressure to Level CalculatorSubmersible probes, Bottom mountedLevel MeasurementRadar Level Time of Flight CalculatorTime of flight, Distance to levelLevel MeasurementUltrasonic Level Sensor CalculatorSpeed of sound, Temperature compensationLevel MeasurementDisplacer Level Buoyancy CalculatorArchimedes, Level and interfaceLevel MeasurementSpherical Tank Volume CalculatorSphere, Partial volumeLevel MeasurementHorizontal Tank with Dished Ends Volume Calculator2:1 elliptical heads, Hemispherical headsLevel MeasurementCone Bottom Tank and Silo Volume CalculatorConical bottom, Silos and hoppersLevel MeasurementLiquid Density from DP CalculatorDensity from DP, Specific gravityLevel MeasurementTank Strapping Table GeneratorLevel to volume, Horizontal tankLevel MeasurementVertical Tank Volume with Dished Heads2:1 ellipsoidal, HemisphericalLevel MeasurementCapacitance Level Probe CalculatorCoaxial probe, Dielectric constantLevel MeasurementRadar Level Dielectric Constant CalculatorDielectric constant, Reflection coefficientLevel MeasurementHydrostatic Tank Gauging (HTG) CalculatorHTG, DensityLevel MeasurementLoad Cell Tank Weighing CalculatorLoad cell capacity, Net weightLevel MeasurementSilo Volume and Bulk Solids Weight CalculatorConical hopper, Bulk densityLevel MeasurementLevel Float Buoyancy CalculatorSpherical float, SubmergenceLevel MeasurementSump Pump Cycle Time and Level Switch CalculatorStarts per hour, Wet wellLevel MeasurementVessel Holdup and Surge Time CalculatorHoldup time, Surge timeLevel MeasurementTank Ullage and Innage CalculatorUllage dip, InnageLevel MeasurementRectangular Tank and Sump Volume CalculatorRectangular tank, Tapered sump
Pressure Measurement24
Pressure MeasurementHydrostatic Pressure CalculatorP = ρgh, Height to pressurePressure MeasurementRemote Seal Head Correction CalculatorSingle seal, Two seal DPPressure MeasurementPressure Gauge Range Selectorbar and psi ranges, EN 837 limitsPressure MeasurementPressure Gauge Accuracy CalculatorAccuracy class, % of full scalePressure MeasurementAtmospheric Pressure at Altitude CalculatorStandard atmosphere, Site elevationPressure MeasurementPressure to Force CalculatorF = P × A, CylindersPressure MeasurementCombined Gas Law CalculatorBoyle’s law, Charles’s lawPressure MeasurementWater Hammer Pressure Surge CalculatorJoukowsky equation, Wave speedPressure MeasurementPressure Transmitter Turndown CalculatorURL, Calibrated spanPressure MeasurementCompressed Air Leak Cost CalculatorChoked flow, Leak flowPressure MeasurementPipe Wall Thickness Calculator (ASME B31.3)ASME B31.3, Internal pressurePressure MeasurementHydrostatic Test Pressure CalculatorASME B31.3, Hydrotest 1.5 ×Pressure MeasurementRelief Valve Sizing Calculator for Gas and Vapour (API 520)API 520 Part I, API 526 orificePressure MeasurementLiquid Relief Valve Sizing Calculator (API 520)API 520 liquid, Viscosity correction KvPressure MeasurementManometer Calculator (U Tube and Inclined)U tube, InclinedPressure MeasurementAbsolute, Gauge and Vacuum Pressure CalculatorGauge to absolute, VacuumPressure MeasurementPressure Transmitter Elevation (Wet Leg) CorrectionWet leg, Zero suppressionPressure MeasurementAir Receiver Sizing CalculatorReceiver volume, DrawdownPressure MeasurementGas Cylinder Duration CalculatorCylinder contents, DurationPressure MeasurementPressure Decay Leak Test CalculatorPressure decay, Leak ratePressure MeasurementPipe Fittings Pressure Drop Calculator (K Factor)K factor, Crane L/D methodPressure MeasurementWater Boiling Point and Saturation Pressure CalculatorIAPWS IF97, Saturation temperaturePressure MeasurementVacuum Pump Down Time CalculatorPump down time, Pumping speedPressure MeasurementPneumatic Cylinder Air Consumption CalculatorDouble acting, Single acting
Control Valve17
Control ValveControl Valve Cv Calculator (Liquid)IEC 60534-2-1, Cv and KvControl ValveControl Valve Cv Calculator (Gas)IEC 60534-2-1, Gas and vapourControl ValveValve Rangeability and Opening CalculatorEqual percentage, LinearControl ValveValve Pressure Drop from Cv CalculatorΔP from Cv, ΔP from KvControl ValveControl Valve Authority CalculatorValve authority, HVAC and processControl ValveInstalled Valve Characteristic CalculatorInstalled vs inherent, AuthorityControl ValveSpring Diaphragm Actuator Thrust CalculatorSeat load, Bench setControl ValveControl Valve Cavitation Index CalculatorSigma σ, CavitationControl ValveValve Outlet Velocity CalculatorLiquid velocity, Gas Mach numberControl ValveSplit Range Control CalculatorSplit range, Two valvesControl ValveControl Valve Seat Leakage Class CalculatorClass II to VI, IEC 60534-4Control ValveControl Valve Piping Geometry Factor Fp CalculatorIEC 60534-2-1, Fp factorControl ValveControl Valve Opening (% Travel) Calculator% travel, Equal percentageControl ValveCv of Valves in Series and ParallelSeries, ParallelControl ValvePneumatic Actuator Stroke Time CalculatorStroke time, Actuator volumeControl ValveSpring Diaphragm Actuator Bench Set CalculatorBench set, Spring rangeControl ValveActuator Volume Tank (Air Reservoir) Sizing CalculatorVolume tank, Fail safe
Calibration16
CalibrationCalibration Error Calculator5 point check, % of spanCalibrationCalibration Test Points Generator3, 5 or 11 points, Up and downCalibrationTotal Probable Error CalculatorRoot sum square, Worst caseCalibrationTest Uncertainty Ratio (TUR) CalculatorTUR, TARCalibrationAccuracy Specification Calculator% of reading, % of full scaleCalibrationCalibration Measurement Uncertainty CalculatorType A, Type BCalibrationInstrument Hysteresis CalculatorUpscale and downscale, % of spanCalibrationTerminal Based Linearity CalculatorTerminal based, NonlinearityCalibrationLocal Gravity and Deadweight Tester CorrectionLocal gravity, Deadweight testerCalibrationCalibration Guard Band CalculatorGuard banding, Acceptance limitsCalibrationDeadweight Tester Pressure CalculatorPressure balance, Local gravityCalibrationCalibration Interval from Drift CalculatorCalibration interval, Drift rateCalibrationRepeatability and Type A Uncertainty CalculatorStandard deviation, Type A uncertaintyCalibrationCalibration Curve (Linear Regression) CalculatorLeast squares, Slope and offsetCalibrationCoverage Factor and Expanded Uncertainty Calculator (Welch Satterthwaite)Welch Satterthwaite, Effective degrees of freedomCalibrationCalibration Certificate Correction CalculatorCertificate errors, Linear interpolation
Safety and SIL16
Safety and SILPFDavg and SIL CalculatorPFDavg, 1oo1, 1oo2, 2oo3Safety and SILLOPA SIL Target CalculatorLOPA, IPL creditSafety and SILMTBF, Failure Rate and Reliability CalculatorMTBF, FITSafety and SILSystem Availability CalculatorAvailability, MTBF and MTTRSafety and SILSafe Failure Fraction and HFT CalculatorSFF, Diagnostic coverageSafety and SILHazardous Area Temperature Class CalculatorT1 to T6, Autoignition temperatureSafety and SILIntrinsic Safety Entity Parameter CalculatorEntity concept, Uo, Io, PoSafety and SILSIL Proof Test Interval Calculator1oo1, 1oo2, 2oo3, λDUSafety and SILSpurious Trip Rate Calculator (MTTFS)1oo2 vs 2oo3, MTTFSSafety and SILRisk Reduction Factor and SIL CalculatorRRF, PFDavgSafety and SILPFH Calculator for High Demand Safety FunctionsPFH, High demand modeSafety and SILPartial Stroke Test PFDavg CalculatorPartial stroke test, Proof test coverageSafety and SILFault Tree AND / OR Gate CalculatorFault tree, AND gateSafety and SILMaximum Surface Temperature for Combustible DustCombustible dust, Cloud ignitionSafety and SILToxic Gas Exposure TWA Calculator8 hour TWA, Exposure limitSafety and SILOxygen Depletion Calculator for Inert Gas ReleasesOxygen deficiency, Nitrogen release
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Analytical18
AnalyticalpH and Hydrogen Ion CalculatorpH to H+, H+ to pHAnalyticalpH Electrode Slope and Offset CalculatorNernst slope, Offset (asymmetry)AnalyticalConductivity Temperature Compensation CalculatorReference 25 °C, Linear coefficientAnalyticalConductivity to TDS CalculatorEC to TDS, TDS to ECAnalyticalDilution Calculator (C1V1 = C2V2)C1V1 = C2V2, Stock volumeAnalyticalppm to Molarity Calculatormg/L to mol/L, mol/L to mg/LAnalyticalDissolved Oxygen Saturation CalculatorDO saturation, TemperatureAnalyticalAbsolute Humidity and Mixing Ratio Calculatorg/m³, Mixing ratioAnalyticalppm to mg/m³ Gas Concentration Converterppm to mg/m³, mg/m³ to ppmAnalyticalDew Point to ppm Moisture CalculatorDew point to ppmv, ppmv to dew pointAnalyticalCalibration Gas Dilution CalculatorSpan gas, Zero gasAnalytical% LEL Calculator for Gas Detectorsppm to % LEL, % LEL to ppmAnalyticalAnalyzer Sample Line Lag Time CalculatorSample system, Transport lagAnalyticalGas Mixture Molecular Weight and Density CalculatorMole percent, Molecular weightAnalyticalWater Hardness CalculatorTotal hardness, mg/L as CaCO₃AnalyticalZirconia Oxygen Sensor mV CalculatorNernst equation, Zirconia cellAnalyticalEmission Concentration Oxygen Correction CalculatorCEMS, Reference O₂AnalyticalCombustion Excess Air from O₂ CalculatorExcess air, Lambda
Electrical37
ElectricalPower Factor Correction CalculatorkVAR, µF per phaseElectricalkW to Amps CalculatorkW to A, 1 phase and 3 phaseElectricalAmps to kW CalculatorA to kW, 1 phase and 3 phaseElectricalkVA to Amps CalculatorkVA to A, GeneratorsElectricalkW to kVA CalculatorkW ↔ kVA, kVARElectricalPower Triangle CalculatorkW, kVAR, kVA, Power factorElectricalElectricity Cost CalculatorkWh, Daily, monthly, yearlyElectricalVoltage Unbalance CalculatorNEMA MG1 method, Three phaseElectricalCable Size and Voltage Drop CalculatorDC, 1 phase, 3 phase, Copper and aluminiumElectricalCable Resistance CalculatorCopper and aluminium, Temperature correctedElectricalCable Short Circuit Rating CalculatorAdiabatic equation, Earth conductor sizeElectricalTransformer Current and Short Circuit CalculatorFull load current, Short circuit currentElectricalIDMT Relay Operating Time CalculatorIEC 60255 curves, TMSElectricalEarth Fault Loop Impedance CalculatorZs = Ze + R1 + R2, MCB type B, C, DElectricalMotor Full Load Current CalculatorkW and HP, Three and single phaseElectricalMotor Torque CalculatorkW to N·m, HP to lbf·ftElectricalSynchronous Speed and Slip CalculatorNs = 120f/P, Slip %ElectricalStar Delta Starter CalculatorDOL vs star delta, Starting currentElectricalVFD Frequency and Speed CalculatorHz to rpm, rpm to HzElectricalTransformer Turns Ratio CalculatorTurns ratio, Voltage ratioElectricalOhm's Law CalculatorV = I × R, P = V × IElectricalSeries and Parallel Resistor CalculatorSeries, ParallelElectricalVoltage Divider CalculatorVout = Vin × R2/(R1+R2), Loaded dividerElectricalCapacitive and Inductive Reactance CalculatorXc = 1/(2πfC), XL = 2πfLElectricalLC Resonant Frequency Calculatorf = 1/(2π√LC), Find L or CElectricalRC Time Constant Calculatorτ = R × C, ChargingElectricalLED Resistor CalculatorR = (Vs − Vf) ÷ I, E24 standard valueElectricalResistor Color Code Calculator4 band, 5 bandElectricalCapacitor Series and Parallel CalculatorSeries, ParallelElectricalCapacitor Energy and Charge CalculatorE = ½CV², Q = CVElectricalAWG to mm² Wire Size CalculatorAWG to mm², mm² to AWGElectricalDecibel (dB) CalculatorPower ratio, Voltage ratioElectricalDelta Star (Δ Y) Conversion CalculatorΔ to Y, Y to ΔElectricalBattery Backup Time CalculatorRuntime, Required AhElectricalUPS Sizing CalculatorkVA and kW, Growth marginElectricalLighting Lumen CalculatorLumen method, Lux levelElectricalEarth Rod Resistance CalculatorDwight formula, Soil resistivity
Electronics35
ElectronicsSMD Resistor Code Calculator3 digit (472), 4 digit (1002)ElectronicsCapacitor Code Calculator3 digit code, Tolerance letterElectronicsStandard Resistor Values Calculator (E Series)E6 and E12, E24 (5 %)ElectronicsInductors in Series and Parallel CalculatorSeries, ParallelElectronicsAir Core Coil Inductance CalculatorWheeler formula, Single layer coilElectronicsResistor Power Rating CalculatorP = V²/R, P = I²RElectronicsCurrent Divider CalculatorTwo or three branches, Branch currentElectronicsWheatstone Bridge CalculatorBalance condition, Output voltageElectronicsRC and RL Filter Cutoff Frequency CalculatorLow pass, High passElectronicsRLC Circuit Impedance CalculatorSeries RLC, Parallel RLCElectronicsLED Series and Parallel Array CalculatorLEDs per string, String resistorElectronicsTransistor Base Resistor CalculatorBJT switch, SaturationElectronicsInverting Op Amp Amplifier CalculatorGain = −Rf/Rin, Output voltageElectronicsNon Inverting Op Amp Amplifier CalculatorGain = 1 + Rf/Rg, Output voltageElectronicsOp Amp Differential Amplifier CalculatorVout = (R2/R1)(V2 − V1), Four resistorsElectronicsOp Amp Summing Amplifier CalculatorOp amp adder, Weighted sumElectronicsInstrumentation Amplifier Gain Resistor CalculatorAD620, AD8221, INA128, INA333ElectronicsOp Amp Gain Bandwidth and Slew Rate CalculatorGBW ÷ gain, Slew rateElectronics555 Timer Astable CalculatorFrequency, Duty cycleElectronics555 Timer Monostable Calculatort = 1.1 RC, One shotElectronicsCrystal Load Capacitor CalculatorC1 = C2, Load capacitanceElectronicsFrequency to Period CalculatorHz to seconds, Period to HzElectronicsPWM Duty Cycle CalculatorDuty cycle %, Average voltageElectronicsLM317 Voltage Regulator CalculatorVout = 1.25(1 + R2/R1), R2 for targetElectronicsZener Diode Series Resistor CalculatorSeries resistor, Zener powerElectronicsLinear Regulator Power Dissipation CalculatorPower dissipation, Junction temperatureElectronicsHeat Sink Thermal Resistance CalculatorθSA in °C/W, Junction temperatureElectronicsBuck Converter CalculatorDuty cycle, Inductor valueElectronicsBoost Converter CalculatorDuty cycle, Inductor valueElectronicsRectifier Filter Capacitor CalculatorSmoothing capacitor, Ripple voltageElectronicsPCB Trace Width Calculator (IPC 2221)IPC 2221, External and internalElectronicsPCB Trace Resistance CalculatorCopper resistance, Voltage dropElectronicsBinary, Decimal, Hex and Octal ConverterBinary, HexadecimalElectronicsBattery Life Calculator for Electronic DevicesmAh capacity, Sleep currentElectronicsdBm to Watts CalculatordBm to mW, Watts to dBm
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Newest Calculators New
Pipe Insulation Thickness CalculatorTemperature MeasurementWater Density vs Temperature CalculatorTemperature MeasurementPotentiometer Position Sensor Loading Error CalculatorInstrumentation SignalLVDT Output CalculatorInstrumentation SignalPLC I/O Count and Module CalculatorPLC Digital SignalPLC Setpoint Ramp Rate CalculatorPLC Digital SignalGas Velocity and Mach Number CalculatorFlow MeasurementChemical Dosing Pump CalculatorFlow MeasurementTank Ullage and Innage CalculatorLevel MeasurementRectangular Tank and Sump Volume CalculatorLevel MeasurementVacuum Pump Down Time CalculatorPressure MeasurementPneumatic Cylinder Air Consumption CalculatorPressure MeasurementSpring Diaphragm Actuator Bench Set CalculatorControl ValveActuator Volume Tank (Air Reservoir) Sizing CalculatorControl ValveCoverage Factor and Expanded Uncertainty Calculator (Welch Satterthwaite)CalibrationCalibration Certificate Correction CalculatorCalibrationToxic Gas Exposure TWA CalculatorSafety and SILOxygen Depletion Calculator for Inert Gas ReleasesSafety and SILEmission Concentration Oxygen Correction CalculatorAnalyticalCombustion Excess Air from O₂ CalculatorAnalyticalLighting Lumen CalculatorElectricalEarth Rod Resistance CalculatorElectricalBattery Life Calculator for Electronic DevicesElectronicsdBm to Watts CalculatorElectronics
Frequently Asked Questions
Are these instrumentation calculators free?
Yes. Every calculator is free to use, works on mobile and desktop, and needs no download or sign up.
How accurate are the calculators?
Each tool is built on the published standard for its topic, such as NIST ITS-90 for thermocouples and IEC 60751 for RTDs, and shows the formula so you can check every step.
How often are new calculators added?
New categories are released regularly. New tools appear on their category page and in the Newest Calculators list.
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