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Analytical · Glossary

What is a Reference Electrode?

stable comparison potentialAnalytical

A reference electrode provides a stable voltage against which the pH or ORP measuring electrode is compared.

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Reference Electrode Explained

Most use silver and silver chloride in potassium chloride electrolyte. The electrolyte contacts the sample through a junction.

Poisoning by sulfide, blocked junctions and electrolyte dilution cause drift and are the most common pH problems.

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Calculators for Reference Electrode

CalculatorpH Electrode CalibrationFree online calculator with formula and worked example.

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Free downloadpH Meter Calibration ProcedureFree step by step procedure, Word and PDF.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Reference Electrode?

A reference electrode provides a stable voltage against which the pH or ORP measuring electrode is compared.

What is a double junction?

A second chamber that protects the reference from poisoning ions in the sample.

Why does a reference drift?

Blocked junctions, electrolyte loss or poisoning change its potential.

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All analytical terms · Full glossary A to Z

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