Glossary
Flow Measurement Terms
Flow measurement terms: flow rate, Reynolds number, beta ratio, K factor, turndown, meter types and gas flow conditions.
32terms
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All Flow Measurement Terms
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FormulaBernoulli's EquationBernoulli's equation states that pressure, kinetic and elevation energy along a streamline add…βBeta RatioBeta ratio is the bore diameter of an orifice, nozzle or venturi throat divided by the pipe…ZCompressibility FactorCompressibility factor Z corrects the ideal gas law for real gas behaviour; Z = 1 for an ideal gas.TermCoriolis Flow MeterA coriolis flow meter measures mass flow directly from the twist of vibrating tubes, and also…CDischarge CoefficientDischarge coefficient is the ratio of actual flow to the theoretical flow through a DP flow element.FormulaElectromagnetic Flow MeterAn electromagnetic flow meter measures the velocity of conductive liquids from the voltage…εExpansibility FactorExpansibility factor corrects DP flow equations for the drop in gas density as gas expands…TermFlow ConditionerA flow conditioner is a device placed upstream of a meter that removes swirl and restores a…
FormulaFlow TotalizerA flow totalizer adds up flow rate over time to give the total volume or mass that has passed.KK FactorK factor is the number of pulses a flow meter sends for each unit volume of fluid passing…FormulaLaminar FlowLaminar flow is smooth flow in parallel layers with no mixing between them, found at low…TermLow Flow CutoffLow flow cutoff forces the flow reading to zero below a set value, so noise and zero drift do…ṁMass Flow RateMass flow rate is the mass of fluid passing a point per unit time. It does not change with…MFMeter FactorMeter factor is the ratio of the true volume from a prover to the volume indicated by the meter…FormulaOrifice PlateAn orifice plate is a thin plate with a precise bore clamped in a pipe; the DP across it is…PPLPermanent Pressure LossPermanent pressure loss is the part of the DP across a flow element that is not recovered…
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FormulaPitot TubeA pitot tube measures fluid velocity at a point from the difference between total (stagnation)…FormulaPressure and Temperature CompensationPressure and temperature compensation corrects gas or steam flow for density changes using live…ReReynolds NumberReynolds number is the ratio of inertial to viscous forces in a flowing fluid. It shows whether…FormulaRotameterA rotameter is a variable area flow meter where a float rises in a tapered tube until drag…FormulaSquare Root ExtractionSquare root extraction converts a DP signal into a linear flow signal, because flow through a…FormulaStandard Volume FlowStandard volume flow is gas flow converted to a reference pressure and temperature, so it…TermStraight Pipe RunStraight pipe run is the length of unobstructed pipe needed before and after a flow meter for…TermTurbulent FlowTurbulent flow is chaotic flow with eddies and mixing across the pipe, found at high Reynolds…
FormulaTurndown RatioTurndown ratio is the maximum flow divided by the minimum flow a meter can measure within its…FormulaUltrasonic Flow MeterAn ultrasonic flow meter measures velocity from the difference in travel time of sound pulses…TermVelocity ProfileVelocity profile is how flow velocity varies across the pipe, from near zero at the wall to a…TermVena ContractaVena contracta is the point just downstream of an orifice where the jet is narrowest and the…TermVenturi TubeA venturi tube is a DP flow element with a smooth converging inlet, a throat and a diverging…QVolumetric Flow RateVolumetric flow rate is the volume of fluid passing a point per unit time, equal to pipe area…FormulaVortex Flow MeterA vortex flow meter counts the vortices shed from a bluff body; their frequency is proportional…FormulaWeirA weir is a barrier with a notch in an open channel; the height of water above the crest gives…
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the flow measurement glossary cover?
Flow measurement terms: flow rate, Reynolds number, beta ratio, K factor, turndown, meter types and gas flow conditions.
Are the formulas checked?
Yes. Formulas follow the relevant standards such as ISO 5167, and every worked example is calculated and checked.
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